Epichlorohydrin, also known as 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane, is an organic compound with the chemical formula of C3H5ClO. It is a colorless liquid with an odor similar to chloroform. It is mainly used as the raw material of organic synthesis, as well as as a solvent, plasticizer, surfactant, etc.
Application field:
Epichlorohydrin is a basic organic chemical raw material with a wide range of uses. It is an intermediate for the synthesis of glycerol, as well as a main raw material for the synthesis of epoxy resin, chlorohydrin rubber and other products. It can be used to manufacture glass fiber reinforced plastics, adhesives, cation exchange resins, electrical insulation products, as well as solvent, plasticizer, stabilizer, surfactant, medicine and other industries. It can also be used to manufacture various synthetic resins with special functions.
Pharmaceutical synthesis
The intermediate 1 - (1H-Indole-4-oxo) - 3-chloro-2-propanol was synthesized by the reaction of 4-hydroxyindole and epichlorohydrin in the ethanol solution of sodium hydroxide, and then the intermediate reacted with isopropylamine to synthesize the target product indolol {1 - (1H-Indole-4-oxo) - 3 - [(1-methylethyl) amino] - 2-propanol}. Indolol is found to have enhanced antidepressant effect β- Receptor blockers can also be used as part of the agonists and antagonists of 5-HT1A receptor. In addition, indolol series of drugs can also be used to treat arrhythmia caused by many reasons, and have significant effect on vasovagal syncope.
Production of glycerin
The 4-step synthesis using epichlorohydrin as raw material has mature technology, low unit consumption, product purity ≥ 99%, production capacity of pressure method is 7.5 times higher than that of atmospheric method, and the yield is 98%, but the process is long, chlorine and alkali consumption is high, calcium chloride and organic chloride are severely corroded in production, and the amount of sewage is large. In France, direct hydrolysis (without epichlorohydrin) is adopted instead of lime milk and calcium chloride post-treatment.
Preparation of epoxy resin
Bisphenol A epoxy resin has good insulation, adhesion, high temperature resistance, outstanding mechanical properties, etc. It can be used for indoor and outdoor painting, electronic products and chemical equipment casting. The general synthesis method is mainly that bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin undergo ring opening and ring closing reactions in sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain epoxy resin. The synthesis of bisphenol A epoxy resin mainly includes one-step process and two-step process. The one-step synthesis reaction is carried out in sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, but epichlorohydrin often hydrolyzes in strong alkaline aqueous solution, resulting in low epoxy value and high chlorine content of the product. The two-step synthesis reaction process is long, and the raw material consumption and purification process are troublesome. There are also scientific researchers in the industry who have developed the use of solid alkali method and solvent method.
surface active agent
Using dimethylamine, tertiary amine and epichlorohydrin as raw materials and polyethylene polyamine as cross-linking agent, an epichlorohydrin amine water cleaning agent can be synthesized. This water cleaning agent has excellent performance of oil removal and suspended solids removal.
Under the catalysis of tetrabutylammonium bromide, the demulsifier DLA-6-1 is synthesized by ring opening polymerization of phenol amine formaldehyde resin polyether demulsifier DLA-6 and epichlorohydrin, which is used as the demulsifier of produced liquid in ternary composite flooding.
EP thinner
Epoxy resin has high viscosity, which is very inconvenient for practical operation (especially the casting process and impregnation process). Moreover, the cured resin is brittle, which limits its application. A simple way to eliminate these defects is to use thinner. Common diluents include acetone, benzene, toluene, phthalates, etc. These diluents do not participate in the chemical reaction during the curing process of the resin. Therefore, some of them will escape during the curing process of the resin, resulting in defects such as bubbles, volume shrinkage and internal stress in the products, which will affect the quality of the epoxy resin products. A new active diluent, cardanol glycidyl ether, is synthesized from cardanol and epichlorohydrin. The long bond substituent in the molecule of this active diluent can not only participate in the curing reaction of the resin, but also play a good role in softening. Therefore, compared with the commonly used active diluent, such as propylene oxide phenyl ether (690 for short), it is more flexible and can effectively reduce the viscosity of the epoxy resin, Improve the flexibility of epoxy resin products, and give them excellent mechanical properties and insulation properties.
Preparation of chloroether rubber
Chlorohydrin rubber produced with epichlorohydrin as raw material is a new variety of rubber. Chlorohydrin rubber is a rubber with chlorine side group and ether bond in the main chain. It is an elastomer formed by homopolymerization or copolymerization of epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide and allyl glycidyl ether. Therefore, it can be divided into ECH homopolymer, ECH/EO binary copolymer and ECH/EO/AGE ternary copolymer. The structure of chloroether rubber determines that it has many special properties. Copolymerized chloroether rubber is not easy to expand in general oil and general solvent, has good heat resistance, oil resistance, weather resistance and air tightness, has greater flexibility in the presence of low temperature without plasticizer, and has some unique functions superior to nitrile, neoprene and butyl rubber. It has attracted much attention because of its unique semiconducting characteristics in the application of conductive cots and developing cots of copiers, laser printers and other equipment.
Paper reinforcer
PAE resin is the most widely used humidifying strength agent nowadays, which is a synthetic product of adipic acid, diethylenetriamine and epichlorohydrin. The principle of PAE resin is also to form a network waterproof structure. It is pointed out that the mechanism of the wetting strength of PAE resin is not due to the bridging between the resin and cellulose, but due to the water resistant structure formed by the self bridging between PAE resins.
Storage and transportation:
Store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Keep away from kindling and heat source. The warehouse temperature should not exceed 30 ℃. It shall be stored separately from acids, alkalis and edible chemicals, and shall not be mixed. Explosion proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be adopted. It is prohibited to use mechanical equipment and tools that are easy to generate sparks. The storage area shall be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and appropriate materials. Since ferric chloride or tin chloride can promote the occurrence of epichlorohydrin self polymerization, it is advisable to store it in dry and clean galvanized iron drums of 200kg each. Store in a cool, ventilated, dry place away from fire and heat sources. It shall be stored and transported according to the regulations on flammable and toxic substances.
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